It is the only federal law that regulates the treatment of animals in research, transport, exhibition, and by dealers. Learn. Other laws, policies, and guidelines may include additional species coverage or specifications for animal care and use, but all refer to the Animal . 2.11 Conclusions and implications. Assurances that animals are being raised according to these guidelines are provided through voluntary third-party audits rather than legislation. In the case of a part-time attending veterinarian or consultant arrangements, the formal arrangements shall include a written program of veterinary care and regularly scheduled visits to the premises of the dealer or exhibitor;". The 2006 Act has introduced an important and new concept for pet owners and those responsible for domestic animals, e.g. The Animal Welfare Act was first first passed in 1876 in Britain and titled "the Cruelty to Animals Act of 1876". (a) General. (1) Each research facility, other than a Federal research facility, shall register with the Secretary by completing and filing a properly executed form, which will be furnished upon request, by the AC Regional Director for the State in which the research facility has its principal place of business, and shall be updated every 3 years by the completion and filing of a new registration form. This effectively makes the use of animals as research subjects, for entertainment, clothing, food, and as beasts of burden prohibited. (f) Primary enclosures used to transport marine mammals . shall be clearly marked on top and on one or more sides with the words "Live Animal" or "Wild Animal" . in letters not less than 1 inch in height, and with arrows or other markings, t o indicate the correct upright position of the container. The fact that there are diverse consumers with dissimilar perspectives on the meat industry makes animal welfare a complex international public policy controversy that also needs to take economical, scientific, cultural and ethical dimensions into consideration. The instructions must be attached in a manner that makes them easily noticed and read. (b) A dealer shall not sell, provide, or make available to any person a live random source dog or cat unless the dealer provides the recipient of the dog or cat with certification that contains the information set forth in section 2.133 (b)(1)-(6) . Select the 4 resources to the right to read the original Act and some of its amendments. (a) (1) Each dealer and exhibitor, except auction sales and brokers, shall make and maintain records or forms that correctly disclose the information required in section 2.75 (a) for each dog or cat acquired, held, transported, or disposed of. Pros and Cons of an Animal ID System Proponents' Claimed Benefits Opponents' Claimed Criticisms Development of a National Animal ID System Species Coverage USDA's Involvement NAIS Business Plan NAIS User Guide NAIS Program Standards and Technical Reference NAIS Goals NAIS Program Implementation Step 1. (Sect. 3.60 (c)). Philosophy. Accordingly, you may wish to contact the appropriate state and local authorities such as Animal Control or your state's Department of Agriculture. Advancement of agricultural research. Section 3.14 Primary enclosures used to transport live dogs and cats. Animal care and welfare Legislation, Standards & Guidelines and information on animal care and welfare. Subpart H - Compliance With Standards and Holding Period. Intensive farming gives animals very limited space. So why mess with the works of Mother Nature? Most individuals only define dog abuse as deliberately inflicting pain or simply the failure to take care of the animal (Animal Abuse). There must also be a focus on the potential for good. Section 2.75 Records: Dealers and exhibitors. After all, humans and certain species are extremely different, resulting in tests that are inconclusive. Improving . 5. I believe that animal testing is beneficial because it provides opportunities to improve the lives of both humans and animals. 587 Words 3 Pages Good Essays Inaccurate Animal Testing (Sect.3.86 (e)). Signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson in 1966, the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) is federal legislation in the United States designed to prevent animal cruelty and abuse within laboratories, the entertainment industry (e.g., zoos, circuses), and captive breeding. The certificate shall include the information required by section 3.136 (c)(1)-(4). For this purpose of this Act, pet animal shall include birds. 2. So, there really is no need to use animals for testing or hurt them in the process. The requirements of the Animal Welfare Act are set forth under the Regulations and Standards in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). (g) Accompanying documents and records. (2) The animals remain under the total control and responsibility of the dealer or exhibitor. Section 3.81 Environment enhancement to promote psychological well-being. Advancement of animal nutrition research. These pet companions known as dogs are the most common victims of animal abuse and are accounting for 64.5% of all documented cruelty cases that are media reported (Dog Abuse). (Sect. We can assess motivation with high precision, determine environmental preferences of animals with sophisticated quantitative methods, and even determine moods and emotions (Briefer et al., 2015 ). Instructions for no food or water are not acceptable unless directed by the attending veterinarian. This is in contrast to animal welfare legislation, which assumes that some conditions are unavoidable collateral. The Act also has an offense to remove the scent glands of skunks. (b) Any carrier or intermediate handler shall only accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live rabbit in a primary enclosure which conforms to the requirements set forth in section 3.6l of the standards:Provided, however,That any carrier or intermediate handler may accept.any live rabbit.if such consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate, signed by the consignor, stating that the primary enclosure complies with section 3.61 of the standard, unless such primary enclosure is obviously defective or damaged and it is apparent that it cannot, reasonably be expected to contain the live rabbit without causing suffering or injury to such live rabbit. Domestic wild animals as pets not only provide benefits to their caretakers but also provide them with mental relief and keeps them away from stress. (b) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless they are provided with the name, address and telephone number of the consignee. Transfer of animals by way of sale or prize to persons under 16 12. Advantages And Disadvantages Of Computer Advantages and disadvantages of computer advantages of computers are : 1.computers proccess data faster 2.computers are more accurate 3.computers are efficient disadvantages of computers are: 1.they rely on electricity, hence limit their reliability 2. author of the book, Nol Sweeney, has been practising as. Test. mal Welfare act 2006. 2.7 (a)). If it does, then it can be tested on humans with a lower risk of a negative outcome. They are susceptible to many of the same health problems, and they have short life cycles so they can easily be studied throughout their whole life span or across or several generations. New products and medications that could save people but are considered harmful until tested on certain subjects will never be used if animal testing is no longer allowed. If animals are being experimented on then they have to be treated in an excellent manner to minimize their suffering. (The plan must include the requirements in this section: 3.101(b)). "A licensee shall promptly notify the AC Regional Director by certified mail of any change in name, address, management, or substantial control or ownership of his business operation, or of any additional sites, within 10 days of any change." Such exemption must be documented by the attending veterinarian and, unless the basis for the exemption is a permanent condition, must be reviewed at least every 30 days by the attending veterinarian. The use of animal testing has increased, due to its many necessary benefits, such as: helping form vaccinations and uncovering new diseases in the specific species being tested on (AALAS). (Sect. 3.60 (b)). For example, the routine docking of dogs' tails is banned but working dogs are . 3.136 (b)). (Sect.2.78 (a)-(d)). (Sect.2.80 (a)). 3.110 (d)). Dogs, cats, guinea pig, and warm-blooded animals are well protected under this law. It enumerates the right for animals to be free from cruel and unnecessary experiments. 3.81). The Animal Welfare Act establishes requirements concerning the transportation, sale, and handling of certain animals and includes restrictions on the importation of dogs for purposes of resale, prohibitions on animal fighting ventures, and provisions intended to prevent the theft of personal pets. A copy of such certificate shall accompany the shipment to destination. (b) Any carrier or intermediate handler shall only accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live animal in a primary enclosure which conforms to the requirements set forth in section 3.137 of the standards:Provided, however,That any carrier or intermediate handler may accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live animal . if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate, signed by the consignor, stating that the primary enclosure complies with section 3.137 of the standards, unless such primary enclosure is obviously defective or damaged and it is apparent that it cannot reasonably be expected to contain the live animal without causing suffering or injury to such live animal. List of the Advantages of Welfare 1. This term includes all dogs used for hunting, security or breeding purposes. Section 2.40 Attending veterinarian and adequate veterinary care, dealers and exhibitors. Saves money Performing animal tests are expensive. Even though the new trucks held fewer birds, innovations in design greatly reduced death losses, broken wings and bruises. (Sect. No person subject to the Animal Welfare regulations shall offer for transportation, or transport, any live guinea pig or hamster in a primary enclosure that does not conform to the requirements in section 3.36. Moreover, not everyone can be a vegetarian, and those who are not vegan dont see anything wrong with eating meat or wearing fur, but they do take exception with their rights being imposed on. The certificate shall include the information set forth in section 3.112 (b)(1)-(4). Stunt research development Animal testing opens doors in research of new products and medication that will significantly speed up the development in the medicine field. To quote, The plan must address social grouping; enriching the environment, with special consideration for great apes; caring for infants, young juveniles, and those primates showing signs of psychological distress; and ensuring the well-being of those primates who are used in a protocol requiring restricted activity (Conlee). In addition, the plan must be approved by the attending veterinarian. Excluded from this definition are birds, rats of the genus Rattus and mice of the genus Mus, bred for use in research, horses not used for research purposes, and other farm animals used for food, fiber, or production purposes. (b) Water and power supply. But here is a problem: if animal suffering is minimized, what will become of product research and development? These requirements are found in Title 9 CFR, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2, and 3. The certificate is to include at least the information required in section 3.112 (c)(1)-(4). 89-54) to prevent pets from being stolen for sale to research laboratories, and to regulate the humane care and handling of dogs, cats, and other laboratory animals. (e) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless their animal holding area meets the minimum temperature requirements provided in sections 3.18 and 3.19 of this subpart, or unless the consignor provides them with a certificate signed by a veterinarian and dated no more than 10 days before delivery of the animal , certifying that the animal is acclimated to temperatures lower than those required in sections 3.18 and 3.19 of this subpart. A copy of the certification must accompany the dog or cat to its destination and must include the information required in section 3.13 (e)(1)-(4). (see definition in section 1.1). The certification must include the information required in section 3.13 (c)(1)-(4). They have been prepared by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) in order to assist the reader in understanding the Act. The use of animals in research has once again become a provocative and controversial topic of debate between many scientists and some other members of the public. (Sect.2.126 (a)(4)). The concept of animal rights is based on the idea that some or all non-human animals have a right to live their own lives and to be viewed as persons rather than property. (Sect.3.81 (e)(3)). (Sect. (Sect. It is the only Federal law in the United States that regulates the treatment of animals in research, exhibition, transport, and by dealers. The Bill of Rights provides basic rights to laboratory animals, farm animals, companion animals and wildlife. . View. Field studymeans a study conducted on free-living wild animals in their natural habitat. 2.1 (a)(2)). seq. ANIMAL L. 13, 25 (2006) ("The Animal Welfare Act's failure to cover the more than 9 billion farm animals slaughtered annually in the United States, and failure to cover ninety or ninety-five percent of animals used in research, makes it an exaggeration to say that the United States has a general animal welfare act."); Unless the basis for exemption is a permanent condition, the exemption must be reviewed at least every 30 days by the attending veterinarian." (Sect.2.126 (a)(5)). (b) Unless otherwise specified, the records required to be kept and maintained under this part shall be held for one year after an animal is euthanized or disposed of and for any period in excess of one year as necessary to comply with any applicable Federal, State, or local law. 2.1 (e)(1)). The quality of water and air were maintained with the existence of essential life forms. (1) "The other person agrees in writing to comply with the regulations in part 2 and the standards in part 3 of this subchapter and allow inspection of his premises by an APHIS official during business hours; and" (Sect.2.102 (a)(1)). Animal welfare science has developed rapidly and increased in precision and methods over the last few decades. This alludes to the fact that the only law attempting is allowing laboratory animals to be tortured. (Sect. Intensive farming is less ethical than free range farming due to poorer animal welfare. (c) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless the consignor certifies in writing to the carrier or intermediate handler that the dog or cat was offered food and water during the 4 hours before delivery to the carrier or intermediate handler. breeders, those who have working animals or farm animals in England and Wales. However, many animal activist groups such as, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), have spoken out against the issue. (Sect. Want a quick overview of the AWA and its amendments? Cons of Animal Testing. Such animals may need fewer veterinary interventions, use of special feed supplements, or other growth stimulants. The Disadvantages of a Zoo. Walmart and McDonalds will be using only cage free eggs by 2025. Contribution to the understanding of animal behavior. (Sect.2.126 (a)(2)). 2. The requirements of the Animal Welfare Act are set forth under the Regulations and Standards in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Section 3.87 Primary enclosure used to transport nonhuman primates. It can also be used by anyone to understand what APHIS inspectors are observing during an inspection. (Sect.3.8). (Sect. Some of the most obvious advantages of public welfare include a greater level of equality amongst citizens, happier people, and less crime. (f) All marine mammals must be visually examined by the attending veterinarian at least semiannually and physically examined when determined by the attending veterinarian and at least annually. Home Essay Samples Law, Crime & Punishment Animal Cruelty Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Animals For Entertainment Purposes This essay has been submitted by a student. (h) Documents accompanying the shipment shall be attached in an easily accessible manner to the outside of the primary enclosure. Specific Purpose: By the end of my speech, the audience will know about the problem of conducting experiments on animals and the ethical issue of the cruel treatment of animals by the researchers. (a) "No dealer, exhibitor, broker, operator of an auction sale, carrier, or intermediate handler shall, for a period of one year, destroy or dispose of, without consent in writing of the Administrator, any books, records, documents, or other paper s required to be kept and maintained under this part." "Animal"is generally defined as any warm-blooded animal used for research, teaching, testing, experimentation, or exhibition purposes, or as a pet. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) was signed into law in 1966. 3.13 (b)). Extent of the Zoo Licensing Act 2.1 Section 1 makes clear that all zoos that are open to the public, with or without charge on seven or more days in a twelve-month period need a licence from their local authority to operate. Some well-known certification programs include Certified Humane Certification Program, Global Animal Partnership, Animal Welfare Approved, and Food Alliance. (Sect. (2021). A copy of such certification shall accompany the shipment to destination. Very much a product of the recommendations of the Scottish Law Commission, the statute directs courts to regard "the welfare of the child concerned as its paramount consideration".9 The original version of the Act said nothing further about welfare. The. Section 2.126 Access and inspection of records and property. Premises Registration Step 2. In the context of applications of genetic engineering in human life, misuse of this technology in the production of biological warfare or weapons is a very major disadvantage. TheUSDA'sAnimaland Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) enforces the law with inspections. All diagnostic rests conducted on post mortem specimens shall be listed in the report, and the results of each test recorded. It provides many useful products such as eggs, meat, wool, silk, milk, honey, etc., that are very important in our daily life. 2.1et. (Sect.2.75 (a) (b)). (Sect. The other people would say that the most efficient way goes against the animal's welfare. Without it, they experience unnecessary stress which impacts your bottom line. Examples include release of birds of prey with foot inju-ries or beak injuries, release of mammals with fractures etc. Section 2.8 Notification of change of name, address, control, or ownership of business. F or centuries, humans have used animals for food, clothing, companionship, and other purposes. The disadvantage of animal research is that it lessens the value of life. They do not form part of the Act and have not been endorsed by Parliament. It was created to approve all animals used in research. The standards are set at the limit of what is achievable, in terms of animal husbandry and commercial viability, and aim to deliver improved animal welfare above and beyond 'standard' or typical UK production. Section 2.132 Procurement of random source dogs and cats, dealers. However, both sides agree that it would be beneficial to reduce animal suffering by finding alternatives to this practice. APHIS tools can help determine if you should be regulated under the AWA and apply for a license or registration. (3) Daily observation of all animals is required to assess their health and well-being. The process described is that of animal experimentation, the act of performing experiments on an animal that can deliberately cause the animal suffering and even death. Once a farmer is enrolled, animal welfare audits are conducted to ensure the certification program's standards are being met. These requirements are found in Title 9 CFR, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2, and 3. 1 Charges and countercharges permeate both written and oral discussions of this topic. 1. 3.8. This is not an example of the work written by professional essay writers. (g) "Documents accompanying the shipment shall be attached in an easily accessible manner to the outside of a primary enclosure which is part of such shipment." 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